Embodied Meaning and Freedom in Dance Class

I’m wrapping up my first quick round of teaching for the summer.  Friere’s Pedagogy of the Opressed, Johnson’s Meaning of the Body, and Dixon-Gottschild’s Black Dancing Body are sinking in, challenging the way I see my students and myself.

Friere posited that the student-as-object model is oppressive and that true learning, and freedom, happen in relationship.  After reading Friere, I was primed to think about Johnson’s embodied meaning in terms of the classroom.  In Johnson’s view, babies make sense of their world holistically, beginning with their experiences, which are wrapped up in the experiences of their caregivers.  Babies begin by experiencing themselves, their caregivers, and their environment as one, and then slowly differentiate.  Furthermore, humans are all “big babies”; our perception of experience still arises holistically.

Friere’s ideas about learning and Johnson’s about perception are related; Friere proposes deconstruction of the the subject/object relationship, and Johnson declares that the subject-acting-on-object model of meaning-making is secondary to that which arises viscerally.  These arguments support a class structure that is relational, egalitarian, and open-ended.

On July 3 I blogged this quote and some notes from Dixon-Gottschild’s Black Dancing Body:

“Figuratively speaking, dancers as a group are a subjugated “race” – destabilized as a matter of course, as a prerequisite inherent to the field.” –Brenda Dixon Gottschild, The Black Dancing Body. p. 10-11

This, plus the entire description of a dance class . . . hit very close to home for me.  I spent ten of my formative years engaging in serious dance training that fits her description . . .  I have chosen not to walk away from this tradition, but I feel squeamish about demanding the same “destabilization” from my own students that my teachers asked of me.  And yet, I want the training I offer to “work”, and often so do my students.

In the beginning jazz and modern dance classes I just finished teaching, I pretty much followed the traditions I’ve inherited, ones much like those described by Dixon-Gottschild.  I stood in the front of the room.  Wherever I was standing became the front.  I performed movement for my students which they were expected to imitate and perform for me.  I then scrutinized their performance and gave specific critical feedback on their performances to help them imitate me more closely.  No one talked; even when I asked questions they were generally treated as rhetorical.

I am aware that the way I teach right now structures a classroom where students are very much passive objects to be acted on by me, the active subject.  The model I currently follow is very effective in creating the ability to do certain movements in certain personality and physical types – those who are kinesthetic, visual learners, and are passive enough to submit to whatever the teacher says to do, and who have cooperative bodies.  It is a very defined outcome available to a small number of people.  I love western dance techniques, and believe this training does work in a sense, but maybe the outcomes and beneficiaries are too limited.  Dance can be meaningful in many ways to many different people.

It’s one thing to want to change the way a thing is done in your culture, and quite another to actually change it.  There is a good amount of risk involved.  (I notice the same thing in the way I parent.  My philosophy tells me to do things differently than my parents did, but in the moment of truth, I often send my own experience forward, because it is known.)

Still, as I pile on the ten-week sessions of technique classes, with different students each time, I can’t help but feel a little sad for the way I hardly know them,  and I just deliver these skills to them.  Many don’t even learn much of those for one reason or another.  I need to redefine a classroom that works, and the relationship between me and the students.  There is so much possibility for what could happen.  I’d like to experience a dance class in which people relate to each other first and students feel they have a voice.  I’d like to help students experience what I have in terms of discovery that arises out of their own embodied experience.  I’d like for humor and laughter to have a part in the process without feeling that I, as the teacher have to entertain and tell jokes.

I’m not sure what I’ll do differently this next round of classes, how I’ll think differently of my students.  I’m afraid of the arguments that can be levelled against teaching-as-an-experiment in freedom.  Classes may seem unplanned, indefinite.  Students may hate the class or resent that they’re asked to be active when they have already been conditioned to be passive.  We are after all in a culture of oppression.  They may stare at me sullenly.  Nothing might happen.

(In some sense, isn’t that always the fear?  In everything?  That if I don’t do it, it won’t happen? Ha ha.)


My Technique Statement

I wrote the statement below for myself in Meghan Durham’s modern dance technique class.  I am hoping to also use it as a reference for myself as a technique teacher.

My physical practice is a daily commitment to myself as a dance artist and a fundamental expression of my will to live. In studying ballet and modern dance technique over a twenty-two year period I have gained a rich body of information about those styles, and their contexts, my soma, time, and space; through dance technique I ground myself in my culture and engage in a praxis-oriented reification of that body of knowledge. I also study ballet and modern dance to become more articulate in my other practices within the art form—teaching, choreography, performance, reconstruction and direction, and Labananalysis.

This practice usually consists of ballet and modern classes augmented by yoga, ball rolling, constructive rest, imagery exercises, tap dance, African dance, improvisation, and resistance exercises for dance conditioning (as designed by Erik Franklin). My technique values include:

· Maximum mobility in the limbs with a lively but stable body core

· Sustainable use of the body through efficient fundamentals

· The ability to create balletic lines and use maximum outward rotation in the legs.

· Articulate use of weight including rooting to the center of the earth

· The ability to wander away from balletic line and style to embody other styles and articulations – to practice being a beginner again, to be vulnerable

· Acknowledging my mind and spirit and gratitude for the offerings of the others in the studio

· Improvisation as a way of finding lost-ness in dancing

· Rest, imagery and ball rolling when dancing just won’t “work” that day

I reiterate these concepts in daily classes. The outward rotation and line of ballet is somewhat unnatural to me; in my youth I forced my turnout and developed injuries like tendonitis and torn cartilage. Because of this I practice ballet daily through a barre or full class in order to maintain a facile and consistent connection with its artificiality. I regularly take postmodern dance classes in which I get to move my torso, be off-balance, improvise and release more of my weight into the floor. I value a body that dances in the tension between qualities, e.g., on- and off-balance, bound and free flow, stability and mobility, asymmetry and symmetry.

A question I currently have about technique is with whom to study, and when, for how long. I would like to have as many teachers as possible; this gives me opportunity to develop as a teacher and to access the place of vulnerability that I find so interesting. However I also want to develop relationships with teachers who can become familiar with my body and technical progression in order to receive the mentorship that many teachers have to offer.

I have been frustrated in the past with the arc of my dancing over the course of a few months. I almost always become tight after six weeks of dancing and injured after two to three months. I would like to explore ways of dancing more sustainably, so that I can go longer times without needing to miss a day due to injury.


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